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What is chemical composition|Proteins vs Lipids

Chemical Composition of Proteins and Lipids

Chemically, we got plasma membrane and other membranes of different organelles are found to contain proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates, but in different ratios in this table                 

Purified membranes of chemical composition in percentages form

    Membrane

     Protein

       Lipid

 Carbohydrates

 

 

    1. Myelin

    (Nerve cell)

     2. Plasma membrane:

(i) Mouse liver

(ii)Amoeba

(iii)Human     

  erythrocyte

3. Spinach chloroplast lamellae

     4. Mitochondrial inner membrane

 

 

 

         18

 

 

 

          44

          54

          52

            

          70

            

          76

         79

 

 

 

         52

         42

         40

                

         30

                   

         24

          3

 

 

 

         4

         4

         8

            

         0

            

         0

For some example: Biological cells in the plasma membrane of humans and their red blood cells proteins represent 52% and carbohydrates 8% in cells.

Lipids of cell

   Four types of lipids are commonly available in the plasma membrane of the cell and other membrane's lipids: phospholipids of the cell, sphingolipids of lipids, glycolipids, and sterol in all types of cell (for some example: cholesterol). All of them are amphipathic molecules, possessing both hydrophilic and hydrophobic domains. 

   The relative proportions of cells and their lipids vary in different cell membranes. Phospholipids may be acidic phospholipids (20 percent) such as phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylserine, etc. Many membranes contain cholesterol. The cholesterol of lipids and varies especially abundant in the plasma cell membrane of mammalian cells and absent from prokaryotic cells in lipids. 

    Proteins of biological cell

The number of proteins and different types of proteins in the cell membranes are highly variable that is in the myelin membranes which serve mainly to insulate nerve cells of axons. Its membrane mass is very poor in proteins as far as cell is concerned it involved with energy transduction which is internal membranes of mitochondria.

lipids vs proteins

According to proteins position in the plasma membrane of the cell, the proteins fall into 2 main types:

1. Integral or intrinsic proteins 

2. Peripheral or extrinsic proteins

Both proteins in the presence of cell membrane which might be either lactoprotein, lying or exposing to the external or extracytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane or endoproteinase, lying or sticking out at the inner part and its cytoplasmic surface of the plasma membrane in proteins. 

The intrinsic proteins of the cell membrane that tend to associate firmly with the cell membrane. While the extrinsic proteins of the cell membrane have a weaker association and these are bound to lipids of the cell membrane through electrostatic interaction of molecules. 

On the basis of cell and their functions of the cell, proteins of the plasma membrane can also be classified into 3 main types: 

1. Structural of proteins

2. Proteins vs Lipids

3. Enzymes, and transport proteins.

Some of them may act as antigens cells, receptor molecules of proteins as well as regulatory molecules, and so on so that all work can be well. Structural proteins are extremely lipophilic and form the main bulk of the plasma membrane. 

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